Malawi et paléoclimats
Posté : 07 janv. 2010 20:20
Fish fossils as paleo-indicators of ichthyofauna composition and climatic
change in Lake Malawi, Africa
Peter N. Reinthal, Andrew S. Cohen, David L. Dettman
Numerous biological and chemical paleorecords have been used to infer
paleoclimate, lake level fluctuation and faunal composition from the drill cores obtained
from Lake Malawi, Africa. However, fish fossils have never been used to examine
changes in African Great Lake vertebrate aquatic communities nor as indicators of
changing paleolimnological conditions. Here we present results of analyses of a Lake
Malawi core dating back ~144ka that describe and quantify the composition and
abundance of fish fossils and report on stable carbon isotopic data (δ13C) from fish scale,
bone and tooth fossils. We compared the fossil δ13C values to δ13C values from extant
fish communities to determine whether carbon isotope ratios can be used as indicators of
inshore versus offshore pelagic fish assemblages. Fossil buccal teeth, pharyngeal teeth
and mills, vertebra and scales from the fish families Cichlidae and Cyprinidae occur in
variable abundance throughout the core. Carbon isotopic ratios from numerous fish
fossils throughout the core range between -7.2 to -27.5‰, similar to those found in
contemporary Lake Malawi benthic and pelagic fish faunas. These results are the first paleo-record of fish fossils from a Lake Malawi sediment core and the first reported δ13C
values from Lake Malawi fish fossils. This approach provides a new methodology and
framework for interpreting pelagic versus inshore fish faunas, lake level fluctuations and
the evolution of the Lake Malawi fish assemblages.
pdf dispo.
change in Lake Malawi, Africa
Peter N. Reinthal, Andrew S. Cohen, David L. Dettman
Numerous biological and chemical paleorecords have been used to infer
paleoclimate, lake level fluctuation and faunal composition from the drill cores obtained
from Lake Malawi, Africa. However, fish fossils have never been used to examine
changes in African Great Lake vertebrate aquatic communities nor as indicators of
changing paleolimnological conditions. Here we present results of analyses of a Lake
Malawi core dating back ~144ka that describe and quantify the composition and
abundance of fish fossils and report on stable carbon isotopic data (δ13C) from fish scale,
bone and tooth fossils. We compared the fossil δ13C values to δ13C values from extant
fish communities to determine whether carbon isotope ratios can be used as indicators of
inshore versus offshore pelagic fish assemblages. Fossil buccal teeth, pharyngeal teeth
and mills, vertebra and scales from the fish families Cichlidae and Cyprinidae occur in
variable abundance throughout the core. Carbon isotopic ratios from numerous fish
fossils throughout the core range between -7.2 to -27.5‰, similar to those found in
contemporary Lake Malawi benthic and pelagic fish faunas. These results are the first paleo-record of fish fossils from a Lake Malawi sediment core and the first reported δ13C
values from Lake Malawi fish fossils. This approach provides a new methodology and
framework for interpreting pelagic versus inshore fish faunas, lake level fluctuations and
the evolution of the Lake Malawi fish assemblages.
pdf dispo.